以日語為母語的訪談者提問時之前置表達

The Prepositional Expressions of Interviewer's Elicitations in Japanese

本論文將日語的訪談性對話中具資訊尋求功能的疑問發話整理齊全後，針對訪談者表達提問時所使用的前置言語表達，進行分析與整理。結果發現有「標誌型」「話題管理型」「暗示問項內容型」「考量對方感受型」等四大類型的前置言語表達。此外，文中更針對各類型的前置表達型態一一做詳細的分析與整理。「標誌型的前置言語表達」乃包括感歎詞、副詞、接續詞等不太能單獨使用的用詞，而其它3大類型則都已具有能於對話中單獨使用的構造與機能。訪談者表達提問時的前置表達對訪談者本身而言有爭取思考話題的時間、預告即將轉換話題、讓受訪者自發性的提供資訊、緩和訪談者自身的主張與想法等之功效；而對受訪者而言，訪談者表達提問時的前置表達則使受訪者可爭取更多回應上的思考時間、掌握對方的問話方向，特別是「暗示問項內容型」的前置表達動作更可協助受訪者處於易於立即回應的受訪環境。期待本論文整理出來的這些前置表達動作可以給想提高日語會話技巧的學習者們帶來些許的啟示。

This paper is an analysis of the prepositional expressions in the interview when an interviewer initiating questions to an interviewee in Japanese. 4 types of prepositional expressions are identified as follows: signal style, management style, implication style, considerations style. In further, every style of prepositional expression has been detailed analyzed in this research. Signal style includes interjections, adverbs, and conjunctions which are not usually been used individually. The 3 other styles of prepositional expressions could be used independently. The prepositional expressions have the effects of allowing an interviewer have more time to think the following topics in advance; pre-note the subjects which are going to ask; making an interviewee provide information voluntarily; moderating interviewer's opinions; making an interviewee have a clear understanding of the interviewer's questions; also making an interviewee have much more time to think about the way to reply. Particularly, implication style enables an interviewee to response immediately. The outcomes concluded in this paper may bring inspiration for the learners who want to enhance their skill in Japanese conversation.