海岸漁村邁向產業轉型與永續發展的共識與分歧

The Coexistence of Consensus and Discord of Coastal Fishing Community Moving towards Industrial Transformation and Sustainable Development

本研究以東北角海岸漁村為研究地點，瞭解海岸漁村的社區意識，以及梳理漁村居民對漁村產業轉型與永續發展所面臨的挑戰與困境，同時探討海岸漁村永續發展之關鍵因素。本研究運用深度訪談與層級分析法進行評估，結果發現海岸漁村居民與專家學者皆認同漁村永續發展應建構在生態與海洋資源永續的條件，是漁村永續發展的關鍵因素。其次，專家學者較偏重於善用當地人才與資源來推動地方產業發展；而漁村居民則認為漁村生活環境的維護以及發展當地特有的休閒漁業較為重要，存在明顯的分歧。此外，居民普遍認同休閒漁業是改善漁村經濟的途徑之一，應研議活化漁村空間與調適漁船管理制度，協助漁村產業與居民轉型，同時透過環境教育紮根社區意識，發展友善海洋環境的產業與休閒漁業遊憩行為，改善漁村經濟與永續漁村發展。

In this study, a coastal fishing community, which is located in the northeast coast of Taiwan, was taken as the site to explore the key factors of its sustainable development. The challenges and difficulties of industrial transformation and sustainable development faced by the residents were also summarized. This study found that that the residents of the fishing community and experts agreed that its sustainable development should be based on the condition of sustainable ecology, and take marine resources as the key factor for its sustainable development. Moreover, experts and scholars preferred to make good use of the local talents and resources to promote the development of local industries, while the residents considered that it is more important to maintain its living environment and develop its typical local recreational fishery. These results showed that their viewpoints are sharply different. In addition, the residents generally agreed that recreational fishery is one of the ways to improve its economy. It is necessary to conduct a study to activate the fishing community space and adjust the fishing boat management system, in order to assist the with transformation of the industries and residents of the fishing community. Moreover, through environmental education for residents, industries that are friendly to the marine environment and recreational fishing activities should be developed to improve the economy and sustainable development of the fishing community.