新冠肺炎疫情訊息對醫院清潔人員之影響研究

A Study of the Covid-19 News Information Influence on Hospital Clean Staff During the Phase of Epidemic

"醫院環境是在傳染疾病上具有風險的場所，新興傳染性疾病極易藉由工作環境傳媒的傳播途徑造成感染，而醫院清潔人員為環境維護第一線，其工作行為與品質影響到感管成效，尤其當作業行為上未能有效的使用防範性隔離保護裝備（Personal Protective Equipment, PPE）時，將產生感染風險。2020年1月20日台灣地區因應新冠肺炎流行啟動中央流行疫情指揮中心，防疫策略上採取每日公布疫情資訊，而在同年2月29日公布發生有清潔員的院內感染案例，使得清潔員的工作管理受到關注。因此本研究以疫情期間醫院內的清潔人員為研究對象，瞭解疫情訊息的接受對在醫院內工作的清潔人員其風險知覺、自我防護感受及對工作壓力的影響做為研究目的。本研究採結構式問卷，在新冠肺炎防疫期間，針對北部某醫學中心之清潔人員發送問卷調查，進行資料蒐集。結果發現清潔人員在接受新冠肺炎疫情訊息管道上以電視新聞媒體為最主要來源、其次為院內教育訓練宣導及手機通訊軟體訊息（line）。疫情訊息程度也明顯影響到其風險知覺、自我防護程度與其工作壓力。風險知覺提高也明顯影響到清潔人員的自我防護程度。疫情訊息在電視媒體上的公布及院內的宣導措施能影響到清潔人員的風險知覺及自我防護的要求，可有效達到注意要求感控措施的推動，但電視非常態性資訊管道，仍應採用如通訊軟體（如LINE）及醫院內部的教育訓練等管道，持續將訊息告知。此外疫情訊息對於清潔人員的工作壓力亦有其相當程度的影響，應注意清潔人員的壓力情況，適度的鼓勵與輔導，於感控的團隊合作上減少作業缺失的可能。"

The Taiwanese government began warning the public about the severity of the novel coronavirus outbreak on December 31, 2019. The Central Epidemic Command Center (CECC) broadcasted timely and reliable information to the public through daily press conferences. On February 29, 2020, a confirmed case of COVID-19 in a member of a hospital’s cleaning staff was reported by the Taiwan CECC. To avoid further infection in hospitals, attention to the working and emotional conditions of hospital cleaning staff was increased during the epidemic. This study examined the psychological and behavioral responses of hospital cleaning staff to the COVID-19 epidemic in Taiwan. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and convenient sampling of outsourced cleaning staff in a medical center in northern Taiwan. A total of 100 valid questionnaires were collected, and the valid response rate was 80.6%. Data on the respondents’ demographics, sources of information related to COVID-19, perception of risk, level of pressure at work, and perceived practice of self-protective measures were collected. Results: An analysis of the 100 completed responses indicated that the most common source of information was television, followed by internal training and instant messenger apps, and that social media and newspapers were not commonly used sources of information. Cleaning staff with high levels of knowledge pertaining to COVID-19 had high levels of risk perception and work pressure and frequently practiced precautionary measures. Discussion: The majority of respondents gained awareness of the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic through televised press conferences and subsequently adopted self-protective measures. This assessment of the psychological and behavioral states of cleaning staff provided useful data to inform the implementation of subsequent self-protective measures and infection control strategies.