論日本憲法中的和平理念－－日本憲法第九條

The meaning of peace in Japan's Constitution

日本因戰爭經驗與特殊的歷史背景所致，在二次戰後積極推廣和平價值和制度，於1946年日本憲法第九條中，設有不保持任何戰力及放棄戰爭的規定，以獨創的放棄戰爭、不保有軍備、和平生存權等三原則為核心概念，以此作為憲法和平理念的展現，這種積極的作法，堪稱為和平憲法的典型，其日本憲法第九條所規定的和平條款更為世界所獨有，讓日本躍升成為和平國家。然而事實上，因為憲法第九條所規定的不擁有軍備、放棄交戰權，使得日本在現今強調國際貢獻的潮流中，屢屢因國際合作的議題而有違憲之虞，出現憲法理念與憲法落實的扞格，遂有修憲的聲浪湧起。職是之故，和平理念與非武裝二者之間是否存在必然的關係，是否唯有非武裝的實施，才可以達到和平的境界，此牽涉到對和平理念內涵的認知與釐清，也更維繫著日本和平憲法的存續問題。

Learning from the war experience during the World War II, Japan had aggressively moved forward to emphasize the value of "peace". In the Japan's Constitution (which was written in 1946), Article 9, not keeping any arm force, giving up the rights to war, emphasize the rights of peace-living have become the main principles in this constitution. And with this unique idea of Article 9, Japan became a peace-loving country and the constitution became the model for all constitutions which emphasize peace. However, the principles of Article 9 in the constitution have made Japan faced some dilemma when dealing with peace-keeping operations. Since Article 9 emphasize not keeping any arm force, giving up the rights to war, Japan had some difficulty to play more aggressive role in international world because any of that would be considered as unconstitutional. The voice of constitution reform has become louder and louder. In that sense, the idea of peace, the relationship between no arms and peace-living, the real meaning of peace all become issues we need to have further discussions. That is what I intent to do in this article.