路口安全評估模式之研究

Establishing A Fuzzy Evaluation Model for Intersection Safety

本研究的目的在於構建一能反映路口安全程度之模糊多準則評估模式，以作為評估路口危險程度、篩選危險路口及改善路口危險因子之基礎。本研究首先將路口交通安全之交互影響因素，以模糊層級分析法建立評估祭構，並由兩階段之學者專家問卷調查結果，篩選出主要影響路口安全的層面及其相對影響因素，構建各因素之隸屬函數及決定相對權重，並進行路口安全程度之模糊綜合評判。此模式可以分析各影響因素對路口安全程度之影響情形，亦可分析各路口在主要影響層面的安全表現程度，藉以了解路口潛在危險因子，作為援引改善方案之參考依據。經本研究以台北市之案例分析發現，本研究構建之評估模式具有可操作性與實用性。

The purpose of this study isto develop a fuzzy multi-criteria evaluation model that can be used to evaluate intersection safety, identify hazardous intersections, and help in developing safety improvements. This research reviews first the factors that affect intersection safety. It then uses a fuzzy analytic hierarchy procces to structure safety factors and their interacting impacts in an evaluation model. In developing the model, a two-stage questionnaire survey of ssfety experts is conducted to﹒ (1)identify the major safety factory;(2) establish objectives and evaluation criteria; and (3)establish membership functions and relative weights of criteria through fuzzy statistics technique. The nature and practicability of each evaluation criterion are discussed in terms of their membership functions and relative weights. An empirical study of four intersections in the City of Taipei shows that the resulting evaluation model is practical and can lead to meaningful safety improvements.