物流中心區位選擇架構之建立－－應用AHP決策模式

A Framework for Location Choice of the Freight Distribution Centers - AHP Decision Model

隨著經濟快速發展和結合資訊料技的運用，整個銷售流程壓縮至很短的時間內，使得生產者與消費者間的距離大幅縮小，並對產銷體系產生重大街擊，因此企業如何經濟且有效率提升整個配送速度，已成為重要課題。而物流所扮演的角色更已從物品送達轉變成如何妥善尋求最佳的物品配送方式，以提升配送效率和有效降低倉儲成本、及建構最佳物流配送模式，故有必要針對整個物流體系加以妥善規劃，以發揮應有功效，而居樞紐之物流中心的區位更是關鍵。因此本文乃從物流中心的功能分析，並考量物流中心在整體物流體系中活動行為，利用分析層級程序法(AHP)以獲致設立考量因子權重，並進一步探討業者和專家學者對區位選擇因素看法之差異，研究結果得到二者在成本、物流網路、通訊設施與人口特性等因素的權重已達顯著的統計差異，以期能提供決策者較完整的區位選擇考量之用。

With rapid economy growth and the application of information technology, sales distribution period is getting shorter. The shorten in distance between consumer and producer produces new impact on the production industry﹒ Therefore, how to improve freight distribution more economical and efficient has become an important issue of the industry The role offreight distribution has focused not only on the delivery of the freight but also how to manage the distribution of the freight, in order to minimize warehouse cost, increase delivery efficiency and to develop a best freight delivery system. It is significant to analysis and plan the delivery system to increase the overall productivity, and the selection of a distribution center will be the key factor of this critical issue. This study analyzes the function and activities behavior of the freight distribution centers, and uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)to obtain the weight of main consideration factors. Furthermore, it discusses the difference of the weights in the selection factors of a distribution center between the enterprise proprietors and specialists. The results of this study shows that deviation exists among manufacturec cost, distribution network, communication facilities, and population characteristics. Those information can be helpjùl to decision makers in the selection of a freight distribution center.