機場停車設施選擇與停車延時需求模式之研究

Demand Models on the Choice of Airport Parking Facility and Parking Duration

隨著機場停車需求之大幅成長，各大機場多面臨航站內停車設施容量不足之問題，於機場外圍闢建遠端停車設施紓解停車需求，已成普遍發展趨勢。此一發展，衍生了遠、近端停車設施之合理規模為何、管理政策如何制定等項課題，然迄今尚無可資應用之停車需求模式，能據以從事此類課題之分析。有鑒於此，本研究分別就接送機與自己搭機衍生之停車需求，構建機場遠、近端停車設施需求分配與停車延時需求之混合間斷性及連續性選擇模型。由實證結果顥示，使用者個人所得、停車費率、停車後至航站大廈時間、旅次目的等項變數，係影響使用者選擇遠、近端停車設施之主要因素；而由停車延時需求模型之參數校估結果發現，接送機衍生之停車延時需求會受其選擇停車方案屬性之影響，如直接將停車延時視為方案選擇之外生變數，而不從事選擇性偏誤之修正，將使模式校估結果產生偏誤。本研究之成果，可研究之成果，可提供一較客觀之決策憑準，供實務規劃機場停車設施與制定管理政策之參考。

Rapid growth of airline pasenger demand has made major airports facingthe simlar problem of insufficient parking facilities at the terminal area.Therefore, it is now a common tendency to build remote parking facilitiessurronuding the airport. Such tendency has generated new questions on therational allcaiton of capacities between these two types of facilities and themanaging issues. For the time being, a parking demand model suficient ot analyzethese questions is not available. This study estimates a joint choice model ofparking facility type and prking duration. The parking facility is classifiedinto two categories, namelythe remote facility and the centra termianl. Theempirical analysis found that user's income, parking fees, time from parking lotto terminal and trip purpose are the major factors influencing the user's choiceof parking facility type. It is also noted that parking duration of kiss-andride passengers is affected by the choice of parking facility type. Therefore,the selectivity bias should be properly corrected. These results are useful inhelping to determine the strategy of managing airport parking facilities.