東方亞洲作為精神家園與心靈棲息地：自浪漫主義時期至二十世紀德國文學中的亞洲元素

Asia as Spiritual Home and Habitat of the Soul: Asian Elements in German Literature from Romanticism to the Twentieth Century

十九世紀初，歌德與亞洲文化對話之《西東詩集》，清晰地宣示了東西文化間平等依存之關係。如同啟蒙後的西方文明對亞洲國家的社會變遷產生重大影響一樣，絢麗多彩的亞洲文化亦對西方文學與藝術領域的審美從傳統邁向現代留下了明顯的印記。本論文從德國文學史的角度出發，探討了自浪漫主義時期至二十世紀德國文學作品對亞洲思想與文化的接收與借鑒，闡釋了亞洲元素所承載的內涵帶給西方社會與文明的啟示和影響。

During the early nineteenth century in Europe, a“Eurocentric”at-mosphere dominated. Goethe’s lyrical poem, the West-Eastern Divan, was regarded as entering into dialogue with Asian culture, declared rep-resentatively and clearly the equality and interdependency of Eastern and Western cultures in the history of German literature. After the En-lightenment, Western civilization had a major impact on social change in Asian countries. The richness, diversity, and multicolor of Asian cul-tures also left clear traces on Western art and literature, encouraging its aesthetic transformation from the traditional to the modern. Through the analysis and interpretation of representative works, this paper ex-plores, from the perspective of German literary history, the reception and reference of Asian ideas and cultures in German literary works from the Romantic period through to the 20th century, and more generally how Asian culture has inspired Western society and civilization.