分合之間：民法典中的合同任意解除權

《民法典》中存在兩種不同的任意解除權，即不定期繼續性合同中的任意解除權和服務合同中的任意解除權，雖然其背後的利益關係相同，但其制度目的和規範構成存在明顯區別。對於不定期繼續性合同中的任意解除權，《民法典》新增加了統合性的規範，有助於對涉及這類解除權的具體規範予以融貫的解釋。服務合同中的任意解除權在《民法典》中隱而不彰，只有規範表述不完全相同的具體規範而無統合規範，但通過對具體規範的修改，《民法典》提供了有無對價、解除主體、賠償範圍、規範性質等工具，運用這些工具有助於將具體規範予以統合，構建出服務合同中任意解除權的一般性規範和類型化解釋方案。因此，《民法典》對任意解除權提供了“外部區分而內部統合”的規範萌芽。

In the Civil Code, there are two different kinds of discretionary rights to terminate, including the discretionary rights to terminate continuous contracts for indefinite period and the discretionary rights to terminate service contracts. There are obvious differences in the purpose of institution and in the constitution of norms, although they share the same underlying interests. As for the discretionary rights to terminate continuous contracts for indefinite period, the Civil Code provides a new integrated norm, which is helpful for integrated interpretation of the specific norms related to such rights to terminate. The discretionary rights to terminate service contracts are hidden in the Civil Code, which only provides specific norms that have different expressions, but does not provide integrated norms. However, through the modification of specific norms, the Civil Code provides tools such as judging whether there is consideration, the subject of the right to terminate, the extent of compensation, and the nature of norms. The use of these tools helps integrate the specific norms, and build general norms and classified interpretative scheme of the discretionary rights to terminate service contracts. Therefore, as to the discretionary rights to terminate, the Civil Code has laid down the foundation for ''external separation and internal integration''.