改革開放四十年中國民事訴訟法學的發展

法學研究方法是評價中國民事訴訟法學發展狀況的主要依據。在改革開放與法律發展相互成就的大背景之下，以法學作品及其研究範式為證據，可以觀察中國民事訴訟法學的研究物件與研究方法之間相互塑造的現象。中國民事訴訟法律發展狀況限定或拓展了研究方法的選擇和走向，而研究方法的運用和發展水準又支援或局限了中國民事訴訟法的發展。民事訴訟法學的研究物件分為法律規範、法律行為和法律現象等不同層次或類型，特別是司法解釋和司法指導檔這類難以簡單歸入司法規範或司法行為的“原材料”的不斷延展和複雜化對於規範法學和比較法學等“生產工具”提出了挑戰。法學作品中那些集大成者往往是多種方法的巧妙結合。而從法學方法的發展史來看，各種研究方法既非順序登場或輪流表演，亦非成對出現或此消彼長，而是交錯出現、相互糾纏，在競爭共生的狀態下相輔相成。

The methodology of legal study is the main basis for evaluating the development of the study on civil procedure law in China. With the mutual reinforcement between Reform and Opening-up and the legal development, using legal works and research paradigm as evidence, the mutual influence between research themes and research methods in China’s civil procedure law can be observed. The current development of China’s civil procedure law limits and expands at the same time the selection and direction of research methods in this field. At the same time, the application and development of research methods both support and restrict the development of China’s civil procedure law. Research themes in civil procedure law can be divided into legal norms, legal conducts and legal phenomena as well as other different levels or types. Particularly worth noting are the ''raw materials'' in our judicial practice, such as judicial interpretations and judicial guidance of the Supreme People’s Court, which are hard to be simply classified as judicial norms or judicial conducts. The extension and complication of these ''raw materials'' have posed challenges to normative legal research, comparative legal research and research of other kinds. Representative legal works usually combine multiple research methods innovatively. From the perspective of the history of the development of legal methodology, various research methods neither appear orderly or by turns, nor perform in a wax and wane fashion. Rather, they overlap, compete and complement each other all the time.