改革開放四十年行政訴訟的成就與展望

改革開放為我國行政訴訟制度的建立和發展提供了歷史土壤。以1989年《行政訴訟法》的頒佈、2014年《行政訴訟法》的修訂等事件為標誌，我國行政訴訟制度在短短四十年內經過了萌芽、建立、完善及更新四個階段，實現了跨越式發展，為維護公民、法人和其他組織的合法權益，促進依法行政和法治政府建設，化解社會矛盾發揮了重要作用。進入新時代，應當以實現國家治理體系和治理能力現代化為導向，推進行政訴訟制度的現代化。在宏觀層面，應當優化行政訴訟在權力結構中的地位與配置；在中觀層面，應當解決行政訴訟制度的突出問題，進一步提升制度運行實效；在微觀層面，應當完善訴訟規則，推進制度設計的精細化。

The Reform and Opening Up policy provides a historical opportunity for China’s administrative litigation system to develop. With the promulgation of the Administrative Litigation Law of 1989 and the revision of the same law in 2014, the administrative litigation system in China has undergone four stages of germination, establishment, improvement and renewal in just 40 years. The institution’s leap forward development has played an important role in safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, advancing law-based administration and building a rule of law government. To enter a new era, we should promote the modernization of the administrative litigation system with the orientation of realizing the national governance system and the modernization of governance capabilities. At the macro level, the status and configuration of administrative litigation in the power structure should be optimized; at the middle level, the outstanding problems of the administrative litigation system should be solved, and the effectiveness of the system should be further improved; at the micro level, the litigation rules should be improved and the refinement of institutional design should be promoted.