當新聞記者成為名嘴：名聲、專業與勞動商品化的探討

When Newsmen Become Critics: Inquiry of Fame, Profession and Labor Commodification

本文旨在探討當新聞工作者成為「名嘴」後，原植基於專業形象的名聲在「生存心態」及「商品化市場機制」下如何影響專業勞動。分析發現，「名聲」原屬新聞工作者的重要勞動資產，直接影響勞動酬償與工作機會。一旦新聞工作者關注焦點放在自身利益而非社會之共同進步，則名聲、形象等象徵資本的營造即易改建立於自身勞動所得的利害關係。而為爭取表現空間，個別專業行動者亦會透過產製結構建立其生存心態。換言之，當專業、名聲商品化後就不再僅是關係自身利益而是各種利益的符碼，必須依附商業價值否則就沒有交換價值，透過名聲基礎的理性抉擇因而使得名聲原有之專業基礎產生質變。

This text aims at exploring how the professional labor of newsmen-/newswomen-turned critics, whose fame is based on their professional reputations, would be affected by the mechanisms of survival habitus and commodification. This analysis finds that fame, a vital labor capital of newsmen/women, would have a direct impact on labor payment and job opportunity. Once the focus of concern targets on self-interest rather than a common progress of society, symbolic capitals such as fame and image would relay their foundations on a concern with labor income.To obtain a greater room for performance, individual professional actors would also construct their survival habitus by the structure of production. In other words, when profession and fame are commercialized, they are not only a symbol concerning self-interest but also one concerning a variety of interests, having to depend upon commercial values or face the consequence of losing exchange values. Through the name-based rational choice, the professional foundation on which a newsman's fame was originally laid would change its nature as a result.