從婦女保障名額到性別比例原則－－兩性共治的理論與實踐

From Reserved Seats for Women to the Gender Quota System: Theory and Practice of Gender Parity in Politics

我國憲法中對婦女參選設有當選保障名額，以保障婦女的參政權。近年來婦女團體提出以性別比例原則取代婦女保障名額的修憲建議，希望提昇婦女參政的比例，也希望制度的設計以實現性別正義為目標。本文回顧過去幾年來婦女團體以性別比例原則取代婦女保障名額的過程，並就性別比例原則和平等與差異的關係，討論相關的制度安排，並計對性別比例原則的實施提出政策建議。

The Constitution of Taiwan (The Republic of China) protects women's rights in political participation by reserving seats for women in congress and local councils. In recent years, women's organizations have proposed a constitutional amendment to replace the institutional design of the reserved seats with a gender quota system. The goal is to achieve a greater degree of women's participation in politics as well as to ensure gender justice. This article examines the process in which women's organizations made the constitutional amendment proposal. The article also discusses the relevant institutional arrangements regarding the gender quota system and makes policy recommendations accordingly.