回顧台灣正念效果研究與臨床應用：實證與實務的反思

A Review of Mindfulness Outcome Studies and Clinical Applications in Taiwan: Reflections on Empirical Evidence and Practice

正念訓練在臺灣實務與研究的推展已有多年，本文回顧近十年臺灣中文期刊與碩博士論文有關的正念效果研究45篇，綜合西方研究發展的效益與議題，以了解臺灣這十年的研究成果與限制。研究先將各篇論文依據作者、年代、題目、研究目的、對象、研究介入設計、評量工具、量化與質性結果等進行內容彙編，再綜合分析。結果發現研究的特色包括：1.研究的對象相當多元，探討的議題豐富，對特殊對象或臨床患者的貢獻可 與國外交流；2.短期效果在有對照組設計的研究中可以發現，參與者感受到認知效益有注意力、身體覺察的提升，情緒效益在症狀之改善、調節力增加，心理健康效 益上則可提升自我慈悲、生活品質；3.需要有清楚的研 究設計、執行與適當的評量才能從效果研究結果中帶出應用；4.無效益的原因，可從質性研究結果得知之外， 亦需考慮個別差異的議題以及正念治療或訓練者執行的效能。

 

Mindfulness training has been developed in research and practicum for many years in Taiwan. This paper provides a review of 45 mindfulness outcome studies from journals and dissertations in Taiwan. The researchers first categorize each study by author, publication year, study aims, participants, design, measurements, and outcomes. Then, they provide an overview of the salutary effects of mindfulness. Results show that: 1. The 45 studies explore widespread aspects and people, drawing upon research findings that are comparable with research in Western contexts; 2. Empirical research that includes between-subjects design has found that the short-term effects of mindfulness include cognitive, emotional, and mental health benefits; 3. Clear and effective research design, correct execution, and adequate assessments are imperative for outcome research to provide practical applications; 4. When no significant effects are found, qualitative research shows that subject variability and the effectiveness of mindfulness training/trainers should be considered.