從正念療癒機制論述臺灣正念教育發展

A Practical Review of Mindfulness Mechanisms on Mindfulness Education in Taiwan

正念介入法為訓練學習者提升不評價及不介入的覺察能力，時時刻刻活在當下，並以此種超然的覺察，如實面對自我身心現象及人際課題。過去研究顯示，正念介入法可有效減輕各種身心症狀並降低壓力感受。

 

隨著大量正念效益研究的發表，理解與釐清「正念療癒機制」成為不可或缺的工作。正念療癒機轉是各種身心效益產生的原因所在，更是帶領正念介入法的依據，及檢視「正念教育品質」的圭臬。臺灣教育場域在近年來，以正念為主題的研究及教育課程，在數量上呈現大幅上升趨勢。在蓬勃發展的外貌底下，亟需對正念的意涵、療癒機制、介入架構有更清楚的釐清，方能提升正念師資培育品質，作為推展各年齡層正念教育的基石。本文探討正念療癒機制，尤其著重在專注力調控、情緒調適、及身體與自我覺察部份，藉此對國內之正念課程與研究現況提出具體建議。再者，以施行「兒童正念教育師資」的培訓經驗，提供有志從事正念教育者的參考。

 

Mindfulness-based interventions aim to train learners’ awareness moment by moment so that they can face both internal and external experiences with open acceptance and non-judgment. Research on mindfulness has shown that the advantages of mindfulness interventions include various physical and psychological effects. Determining and then working with the mechanisms of mindfulness serve as the basis for carrying out valid mindfulness interventions, implementing the principle guidelines of mindfulness education, and training mindfulness teachers. This article aims to clarify the mechanisms of mindfulness for such common factors as attention regulation, emotion regulation, and body-and self-awareness, as well as the ways in which these factors have continuously been found to be beneficial. In addition, specific suggestions for future mindfulness research and interventions based on the author’s training experience of teachers who offer children’s mindfulness education are included.