難民兒童與童兵之禁止及保護

Prohibition and Protection of Refugee Children and Child Soldiers

本文介紹國際上與我國對難民兒童之認定與保護。首先介紹難民兒童之認定與我國對難民兒童之定義，難民兒童形成原因，國際上對難民兒童基本權利之保護，難民兒童之處置、保護與庇護，我國對難民兒童之保護規範與實踐情形。再者介紹《兒童權利公約》禁止童兵在國際上的適用與發展，包括剛果、美洲和中國發生的案例，童兵現象，兒童免於戰事權之國際公約介紹，並研究《兒童權利公約》禁止童兵在臺灣實踐的情形，最後論述童兵與難民兒童之身心回復與社會重整之方式。

This article introduces the prohibition and protection of refugee children and child soldiers. First, introducing the definition and the protection scope of the refugee children in Taiwan and universal jurisdiction, then researching the refugee children causes, the protection and the asylum models of their rights in the world and the law. Second, researching the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, includes of the cases in China, Interstate-American, and Congo. That the phenomenon of child soldiers, the International Convention on the Rights of Children, case studies of child soldiers in Taiwan ban the practice of “Convention on the Rights of the Child,” and finally discusses the physical and mental child soldiers and refugee children in the way of recovery and social reformer are the area of research.