醫療糾紛民事調解之方式與展望

The Method for Civil Mediation for Medical Dispute

調解者，於爭議發生後，當事人無法自行解決而委由中立第三方協助尋求雙方均可接受的方案，甚至積極提供建議方案以求爭議可以獲得解決。亦即調解是由中立的第三者介入以利爭議雙方當事人溝通、協商過程進行的方法，藉由公正客觀的調解者協助找到彼此都能接受的解決方案。由於醫療糾紛涉及醫學、法學等領域，具高度專業性與技術性，實不能單從醫療結果加以論斷，而醫療糾紛的發生、醫療訴訟的進行，對醫師或病患來說都是精神上的煎熬與折磨，且醫療訴訟進行多所勞費，最後無論是醫事人員或是病患及其家屬勝訴，都已身心俱疲，故於醫療糾紛採行以調解等訴訟外糾紛解決方法，漸受重視。而因調解之方式又可分為評價式調解與促進式調解，故本文乃從醫療行為與醫療糾紛之特性，分析醫療糾紛調解之調解方式究應採行評價式調解抑或促進式調解。

There are two different mechanisms dealing with medical disputes, flexible “alternative dispute resolutions” and litigations. “Alternative dispute resolutions” have more advantages over litigation, such as low costs, less time-consuming, flexible procedures, high success rates and conflictsneutralized effects. Mediation is one of the “alternative dispute resolutions” to be used dealing with medical disputes. There are two different methods of mediation, evaluative mediation and facilitative mediation. By comparing evaluative mediation with facilitative mediation, this article will conclude that facilitative mediation is a more appropriate method to be used dealing with medical disputes.