新移民與非新移民子女的家庭社經地位、家庭文化資本與家庭氣氛之縱貫性研究

A Longitudinal Study of the Socio-Economic Status, Cultural Capital and Family Atmosphere of Immigrant and Native Students

本研究探討基隆市新移民與非新移民子女就讀國民中學學生的家庭社經地位對家庭文化資本與家庭氣氛之影響情形。研究中以張芳全（2013）建置之「國民中學學習狀況之追蹤調查第一至第五波」資料庫之1,587名追蹤樣本，運用潛在成長曲線模型進行分析。獲得以下結論：（一）新移民與非新移民子女的共同點：1.國一時的雙親教育程度對國一時的家庭文化資本與家庭氣氛有正向影響；2.國一時的家庭文化資本與家庭氣氛為正向關聯；3.國一時的家庭氣氛與國一至國三的家庭氣氛成長幅度為負向關係。（二）新移民與非新移民的差異點：1.非新移民子女的家庭氣氛與家庭互動明顯高於新移民；2.新移民子女的父母親教育程度對家庭氣氛成長幅度為負向影響；非新民為正向影響；3.非新移民子女在國一至國三的家庭文化資本與家庭氣氛成長幅度為正向關聯。

This research used panel study to distinguish the socio-economic status, cultural capital and family atmosphere of immigrant and native students. We used the database established by Fang-Chung Chang (2013) to track the learning situation of 1,587 junior high school students and analyzed the data using Latent Growth Models. The conclusions are as follows: What immigrant and native junior high students have in common: i. The level of education of parents has a positive impact on the cultural capital and the family atmosphere initial point. ii. The cultural capital and the family atmosphere initial point have a positive correlation. iii. The initial point of family atmosphere and the growth rate have a negative correlation. Where immigrant and native students differ: i. Atmosphere and interaction in the families of immigrant and native students at the same academic year are significantly different. ii. The education background of the parents of immigrant student has a negative effect on growth rates of family atmosphere and a positive effect on native students. iii. The growth rates of nonimmigrant student’s family atmosphere and cultural capital have a negative correlation.