有關日語中「VN＋ヲスル」構句的語意限制──以「非能格．非對格VN」為中心

Semantic Constraints of the Sentence Structure with“Verbal Nouns (VNs)+wo suru''--With a Focuson“unergative-unaccusative VNs''in Japanese Language

有關日語中「VN＋ヲスル」構句的成立條件，以下例文為人所熟知。(1)a「花子が部屋を掃除した」b「花子が部屋の掃除をした」「スル」與「VN」之間，插入「ヲ」格助詞時，〔＋意図性〕〔+持続性〕是此構句成立的必要條件。此外，請參照如下例，(2)a「*赤ちゃんが誕生をした」b「花子は第2の誕生をした」「誕生する」的主語是「經驗者」，整體為表達動作結果狀態的非能格動名詞(VN)。此種VN未含有「意圖性」及「時間之持續性」、因此「VN＋ヲスル」構句較不易成立。但是，若加入「第2の」之類的修飾語後，「VN＋ヲスル」構句卻變得相對自然。本研究以先行研究中被證實的構句語意成分，分析「VN」與「スル」之間插入「ヲ」格助詞的自然度，考察「非能格‧非對格VN＋ヲスル」構句的語意限制。研究結果顯示，如果不能滿足「主語名詞句的可控制性」、「相態的時間性」、「動詞的語彙概念構造（LCS）」等三 項語意限制條件，「VN＋ヲスル」構句即很難成立。

The following illustrative sentences of “VNs +wo suru'' are well -known as forming conditions in Japanese Language. (1) a Hanako-ga Heya-wo souji -sitab Hanako-ga Heya-no-souji -wo sita Intentionality and Persistence are necessary for the intervention of the case of “wo'' which is placed between “suru'' and “VNs''. See the following illustrative sentences of VNs with intransitive verbs for more. (2) a *Akachan-ga Tanjyou-wo sita b Hanako-wa Daini -no-Tanjyou-wo sita “Tanjyou -suru'' is one of unergative VNs which is expressing the result -state with subjects of ones have experienced. The structure of “VNs +wo suru “ can not be formed with out the intentionality of actions and the persistence of time. However ad d “Daini'' to the structure, the “VNs +wo suru'' will be accept able. The purpose of this paper is to verity the intervention of “wo'' which is placed between “VNs'' an d “suru'' and the semantic constraints of “unergative-unaccusative VNs+wo suru'' by using the semantic features which are disclosed in the previous works. As a result, three of forming conditions -- the control of the noun phrases with subjects, the aspectual meaning, lexical conceptual structure -- are necessary for “VNs +wo suru''.