現代日語中難易形容詞連用形之副詞用法──表難易用法間之非對稱性

Adverbial Usage of the Conjunctive Form of Eas e/difficulty Adjectives in Modern Japanese: Asymmetry in usages to describe Ease and Difficulty

本研究目的為闡明日語難易形容詞連用形之副詞用法特徵。為達此目標，本研究將解決以下三課題：a.難易形容詞副詞用法間之異同為何？b.難易形容詞副詞用法間之非對稱性之特性為何？c.副詞「nakanaka」與其他難易形容詞副詞用法之異同為何？為求整體掌握日語難易形容詞副詞用法特徵，本研究沿襲先行研究成果，並於分析時採以下視點：a.該用法為「樣態副詞」用法亦或「結果副詞」用法？b.該用法與「實現困難度」相關亦或「實現勞力度」相關？c.該用法為「客觀陳述」用法亦或「主觀評價」用法？透過本研究之分析結果及記述，非但能說明難易形容詞副詞用法間之異同、掌握用法間非對稱性之性質、亦能了解副詞「nakanaka」之用法特徵，提高對日語難易副詞成分用法之認識。

This study aims to clarify the features of adverbial usages of the conjunctive form of ease/difficulty adjectives. The research is conducted to investigate into the following three issues: a) the difference between adverbial usages of ease/difficulty adjectives, b) the features of asymmetry of adverbial usages of ease/difficulty adjectives, c) the similarities and differences between the adverb “nakanaka'' and other adverbial usages of ease/difficulty adjectives. To accomplish the objective of holistic approach to the features of adverbial usages of easy/difficulty adjectives, the study analyzed the data within the framework of the preceding research as follows: a) should the usage be classified as “adverbs of manner'' or “adverbs of consequence''? b) dose the usage refer to “the level of difficulty “ or “the amount of endeavor''? c) should the usage be categorized as “objective statement'' or “subjective evaluation “? As with what the research indicated previously, the analysis indicated the significant differences so as to distinguish the differences between adverbial usages of ease/difficulty adjectives, fully grasp the essence of asymmetry of various usages as well as the feature of the adverb “nakanaka'', and further enhance the understanding of adverbial function of ease/difficulty adjectives.