「できる大人のモノの言い方大全」之句型

Sentence Patterns in ''できる大人のモノの言い方大全(Learn to Speak the Way Successful Adults Speak)''

本稿藉由分析近期暢銷書『できる大人のモノの言い方大全』之句型，以達到促進日本語教育及日本語學研究之目的。分析後本稿得到三點結論：第一點為『できる大人のモノの言い方大全』主張以句法學、語義學以及語用論為三支柱的社交辭令是經由語用論強化的一種慣用句。依據結合價理論來整理本書的句型後共可以得到動詞文、形容詞文、形容動詞文、名詞文、省略文以及倒置文共六種句型。第二點為在現代日語中「いただく」比「ください」更常使用。此外基於視点同一的理由「ていただきますようにお願い申します／ていただければと存じます」也比「てくださいますようにお願い申します／てくださればと存じます」更常被使用。第三點為「四字成語」到屬於價值判斷的形容詞文跟形容動詞文多用於讚美。這三點結論的共通之處是均為文的省略表現，也就是認知言語學的換喻的一種。

Through analyzing the sentence pat terns found in a recent best seller book ''できる大人のモノの言い方大全 (Learn to Speak the Way Successful Adults speak)'', this study aims to enhance Japanese language education and improve the current understanding in Japanese linguistics.There are three findings in this research: First, the book suggests that the social terms, which emerged due to syntactic, semantic and pragmatic factors, are conventionalized pat terns that have been strengthened by pragmatic uses. Based on valency theory, six types of sentence pat tern in this book have been summarized: sentences with a verb, sentences with an adjective, sentences with an adjectival verb, sentences with a noun, sentences with omission, and sentences with inverted word order. Second, compared with ''ください'', ''いただく'' is used more often in modern Japanese. Moreover, based on a same perspective, ''ていただきますようにお願い申します/ていただければと存じます'' is also used more frequently than ''てくださいますようにお願い申します/てくださればと存じます''. Third, ''four-word-idioms'', sentences with adjectives and adjectival verbs generally reveal a sense of value judgment, and are conventionally used in making compliments. All of the three findings are a kind of elliptical expression. In other words, such expressions actually reflect a way of metonymy in cognitive linguistics.