「他＋自」複合動詞的派生条件──以他動性說明

The Conditions of Derivation of ''transitive + intransitive'' Compound Verbs- Interpreting by Transitivity

本稿目的為釐清「他＋自」複合動詞的派生條件。本稿以所有的「他＋自」複合動詞為考察對象，發現除了已被提出的，「他＋自」複合動詞須符合（A）「表自然現象」（B）「可視為自然發生之事件」（C）「表反身用法」的任一條件之外，當符合（D）「動作主的背景化」之條件時，「他＋自」複合動詞亦可能產生。若以Hopper and Thompson（1980）的「他動性」特徵來看滿足上述條件的「他＋自」複合動詞的派生源「他＋他」複合動詞的話，其他動性比無法產生「他＋自」複合動詞的「他＋他」複合動詞來得低。以他動性來說明「他＋自」複合動詞的派生條件，不但可以解決先行研究以語構成內部來說明所不能解決的問題，也可以給予較一般性的說明。

The aim of this paper is to clarify the conditions of derivation of “transitive + intransitive'' compound verbs. All the “transitive + intransitive'' compound verbs were observed, and in addition to the conditions that the “transitive + intransitive'' compound verbs denoting (A) natural phenomenon (B)event occurs on its own (C) reflexive use ,which were pointed out , the (D) back-grounding of the agent is also one of the conditions. The transitivity of the “transitive + transitive'' compound verb that satisfies one of these conditions is higher than the one that does not satisfy one of these conditions. In the theory of transitivity, the problems occurred by the explanation of word-formation inside can be solved, and the more universal description can be provided.