可解讀成漢語「好像」的日語模態（modality）詞

The Meaning of Epistemic Modality Equivalent to Chinese ''好像''

本文比較日語模態（modality）詞「そうだ」和「ようだ」，據以釐清並論證此間在語義上的差異之處。日語模態（modality）詞一直以來受到很多學者的關注。過往對「そうだ」和「ようだ」的研究主要專注對此二者分別於其他詞彙間的比較，由此論述此二者語義特徵。只限於比較「そうだ」和「ようだ」而進一步討論其主要差異上的研究則為數不多。據本文對此二者的異同關係的觀察可整理分析出11個觀點（差異之①∼差異之11）。同時，尚可由木下（2001、2012)個別對「そうだ」和「ようだ」的分析結果有助于解釋此二者在語義上呈現的差異。「そうだ」和「ようだ」頻現于初級日語教學中。本文試圖藉由釐清此二者的差異之處提供可應用於教學的基礎輔助資料。因此，本文檢視語法參考書《みんなの日本語》和《新文化日本語》所述、對其中難以解釋的用法給與合理說明。藉由對此除進一步獲證外，尚可做為如何更有效率導入「そうだ」和「ようだ」。

This paper discusses the meaning of epistemic modality “sooda'' and “yooda''. Many researchers have discussed on this issue. Most of them deal with these words separately, however, so that the difference between “sooda'' and “yooda'' has not evident.I show in this paper that eleven respects of “sooda'' and “yooda'' make it possible to explain even the subtle differences between them. These explanations of the difference support Kihsita's (2001, 2012) analysis that studied these words separately.The paper not only reveals the core meaning of “sooda'' and “yooda'', but also makes a contribution to the advancement of pedagogical grammar. Therefore I paid considerable attention to the description of grammatical notes which are explained In “Minnna no Nihongo “and “Shin Bunka Nihongo Manual''. I clarify several facts that can't be understood by the description of these manuals, and provide explanations for those facts. It would serve a useful framework to reexamine the method of introduction of “sooda'' and “yooda'' in classes.