日語受取動詞之名詞化考察

Nominalization of the Receive Verb in Japanese

本文主要考察受取動詞之名詞化問題，參照山梨（2000）有關〈コト〉之名詞化，發揮日語SOV語序的直線式最大特色，認定句中之構造成分處於前面位置者為依存成分，處於後面位置者為支配成分。換言之，位前者為修飾成分，位後者為被修飾成分。並修正小泉（2007）依據結合價語法所描繪之構造圖（stemma），透過以日語為主，華語為輔之實例，嘗試釐清受取動詞有關名詞化之種種問題，以期貢獻日語語言學與日語教學研究。所獲結論為被動句與請願句為3價受取動詞內隱含1個動詞之名詞化的受取物。使役被動句為3價受取動詞內隱含1個動詞之名詞化的使役物與另外1個動詞之名詞化的受取物。

This study is concerned with the nominalization of the receive verb in Japanese. Based on YAMANASHI's (2000) study on nominalization of koto, and in light of the characteristic of SOV in Japanese, we claim that the constituents in the front of clauses are dependent elements, and the constituents in the later part of clauses are governing elements. In other words, the former constituent is a modifier, and the later one is a modified element. This research also revises the stemma created by KOIZUMI (2007) on the basis of valence grammar. In use of practical examples from Japanese and Chinese, we intend to clarify some questions related to nominalization of give and receive verbs, in order to make a contribution on Japanese Linguistics and Japanese Teaching. There are two findings in this study: passive clauses and clauses of request are the receiving entity of a nominalized verb embedded in a 3-valence receiving verb. Causative-passive clauses are the caused moved entity of a nominialized verb and the receiving entity of another nominalized verb embedded in a 3-valence receiving verb.