日語母語話者中 「Darou」的事例調查－以『日本語話し言葉コーパスCSJ(Corpus of Spontaneous)』為本

The research of『darou』spoken by Japanese native speakers : By using the data of「free dialogue」in CSJ(Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese)

本研究是以自然談話『日語談話資料庫（CSJ）』的「自由対談」為資料，把焦點放在「Darou」的形式和功能，由使用的實際狀況來考察溝通顧慮表現。其結果如下：在這次「Darou」的談話資料中，男性在「無標音調形式（強制型的確認）的使用上比較顯著。另一方面，女性在「末尾上揚的形式（詢問型的確認）」的使用上有比較多的傾向。另外、可以觀察出「Darou」的談話資料裏頭有①「共感」②「忠告」③「主張」④「自言自語」等語用論的功能。具體去觀察「Darou」的語用論功能使用率的情況如下：男性在描述不確定情報時，「主張」和「共感」的策略有使用比較多的傾向。那是因為希望對方能接受自己的態度和想法，也就是積極性禮貌的功能。另外一方面，女性使用「忠告」和「自言自語」的次數比男性多，那是緩和FTA的關懷表現。

This research focus on form and function of 「darou」 by using the data of 「free dialogue」 in corpus of spontaneous Japanese (Abbreviation is CSJ), to observe the expression of consideration of communication as the politeness strategy from its actual status The result are as follows The 「unmarked intonation type (confirmation of be pressed)」 was used frequently by men. On the other hand, the 「suffix rised type(confirmation of inquiry) 」 was used frequently by women. And we can also find 「darou」 has pragmatics function of ①「synesthesia」②「recommendation」③「insistence」④「talking to oneself」 and etc. To be specific, the function of 「insistence」 and 「synesthesia」 were used frequently when men state uncertain information. This shows the function that speaker wants listener to accept his attitude and thinking, it is a kind of positive politeness to show an attempt to let listeners know. On the other hand, the function of 「recommendation」 and 「talking to oneself」 were used frequently in women's conversation than men. We can say this is the expression of consideration that softening the FTA.