從職業作家的視點來看 「二位國民作家」漱石與村上春樹

'Two national writers'' as a professional writer; Natsume Soseki and Murakami Haruki

本論文主要是考察被稱為「二位國民作家」之漱石與村上春樹，兩人所擁有的職業小說家之意識差異性。具體以村上春樹之《職業としての小説家》(2015)與《漱石全集》第11 巻、《漱石全集》第16 巻當作文本，從評論家・評論、講演活動、文學獎、職業作家之意識、讀者等5 個面向，仔細進行考察、分析。考察結果顯示評論家・評論、講演活動兩個面向上，漱石跟村上春樹一樣採取消極的態度。但當進入朝日新聞社後，漱石變得積極從事評論家・評論、講演活動等社會活動。又漱石對文學獎的權威象徵，自始至終採取斷然拒絕的姿態。而村上春樹則持以與其談文學賞獲獎之類，倒不如閱讀書籍、從事創作更具意義之論調。再者於職業作家之意識、讀者兩個面向上，兩人多少有些共同點。然而兩人在看待讀者的視線之位置是不同的。此反映出漱石與村上春樹兩人所生存時代背景之不同。話雖如此，超越時代鴻溝的兩人，所擁有的職業作家之意識，仍有許多雷同之處。由此可見漱石文學是村上春樹永遠憧憬的標竿，愛慕之對象。

This paper aims at investigation of the writer consciousness which Soseki and Murakami Haruki called ''two national writers'' have. As a result of considering, in two points of criticism and a lecture, Soseki had taken the negative attitude which is seldom different from Haruki Murakami. However, Soseki came to perform criticism and a lecture positively after entrance into Asahi Shimbun. Moreover, Soseki had refused authoritarianism, such as a literary award. On the other hand, Murakami Haruki says that reading and the writing are more important than a literary award. And the common feature of Murakami Haruki and Soseki is also seen about two points of the correspondence to professional writer consciousness and a reader. However, the difference in the position of eyes to readers shows a difference of Soseki and Murakami Haruki era. The consciousness as both professional writer has many common features over the frame of time. From these points, a figure of Murakami Haruki who makes Soseki literature his immortal admiration is seen definitely.