漢字詞素 「～風」的接尾詞用法－透過中日之對照分析

The suffix usage of Kango morpheme”FU”: The contrastive Analysis between Japanese and Chinese

漢字詞素「～風」無論是在日文以及中文裡都是非常具有造詞能力的詞素，能與各式各樣的語詞結合，例如造出「京風」「外國人風」“雄風”“混搭風”等合成詞，充分發揮其造詞功能。本篇論文主要是以「～風」做為接尾詞功能的合成詞為分析研究的對象，如「お茶漬け風」「うどん風」｣や“梵穀風”“民宿休閒風”等。透過中日對照的觀點，探討其語意用法及句法功能相關等問題。首先論述了「～風」雖然是所謂的中日“同形”接尾詞詞素，在語意用法上中日具有相同的典型語意用法，但在另一方面，由於語意擴張之衍生關係的差異，中文與日文的「～風」則各自具有不同的特殊語意用法。此外，從包含漢字詞素「～風」的合成詞其實際上所發揮的句法功能來看，可理解到中日接尾詞「～風」做為詞素的性質是有所不同的，另，也分析了：包含「～風」的合成詞在句子裡的名詞修飾結構上中文與日文之間的異同點，以及各自所具有的獨特句法結構之特徵。

The Kango morpheme ”FU” is a morpheme which acts in a quite productive way both in Japanese and Chinese. It can compose with a variety of words such as ”kyofu”, ”gaikokujinfu”, ”xiongfcng”, ”hundafeng”, greatly performing a coinage function.In this article, ”FU” which acts a a suffix (”~FU” for short) such as ”ochadukefu”, ”udonfu”, or ”FANGU feng”, ”min su xiu xian feng” was discussed as an examination object, and its semantic and syntactic function was analyzed by the viewpoint on the contrast between Japanese and Chinese.At first, the facts that ”~FU” is so-called the suffix having a same form and same typical semantic usage in Japanese and Chinese; However, it also has the particular semantic usage in Japanese and Chinese respectively due to the difference of its derivation within meaning expansion were discussed.In addition, according to the actual syntactic function of the derived word which includes the suffix”~FU”, the property of ”~FU” when it acts as a morpheme is different between Japanese and Chinese. On the other hand, the sameness and difference between Japanese and Chinese when a derived word which includes the suffix”~FU” works as a noun modifier in a sentence and their peculiar syntactic characteristic were also discussed.