「近い」的語意結構與文法化

The semantic structure and grammaticalization of“Tikai”

本論文之主旨在於探究現代日語形容詞「近ぃ」的語意結構和文法化現象。主要研究結果可以歸納如下：（1）現代日語形容詞「近ぃ」的基本語意為「表示空間間隔小」。（2）「近ぃ」的基本語義根據隱喻、換喻產生出多種引申義。（3）「近ぃ」用法之一的「～に近ぃ」形式也有省略介詞「に」而以「～近ぃ」形式使用的現象。在不使用介詞「に」的「～近ぃ」用法中，「近ぃ」已經失去了形容詞的功能，而是經由「文法化」作用變成了後綴詞。筆者建議應該將此種「近ぃ」的後綴詞用法列入辭典「近ぃ」詞條的說明中。

The purpose of this paper is to consider the semantic structure of Japanese adjective ”tikai” in the written Japanese corpus.The following has been understood from the consideration result. (1) The radical meaning of Japanese adjective ”tikai” is ”A spatial distance is small.”(2) Another meanings of ”tikai” have derived by the metaphor and the metonymy.(3) The ”tikai” of ”~tikai” grammaticalized and it become a suffix.I want to recommend that the grammaticalization of ”tikai” and the suffix usage of ”tikai” are necessary to put it in the explanation of the dictionary.