鑄經史於怪談：《傳奇‧甯茵》化典謀篇之知識體系探析

Fuse Classics and History into the Odd Tale: An Analysis of the Knowledge System about Allusion Used by“Ning Yin”in Chuan Qi

在唐代流行一時之精怪聚談故事，向因其「諧隱」手法及不明確之思想含義，而被定位為「娛玩」、「炫學」之作；然在部分「化典成文」之小說中，緣於借事「托寓」之文學手法，將可能使作品別具深意。本文試以裴鉶所撰《傳奇‧甯茵》為考察對象，一一追溯並分析其所化用之典故，從而枚舉許多嚮往事功、攸關風教之古人古事，鏡照出作者之「兼濟」圖志。而在歸納出作者之閱讀書單後，可探知其幼學《蒙求》、長攻三史五經之讀書歷程乃與朝廷之科舉考試息息相關，並在經史「資治」價值之召喚下，流露出作品「不言之言」的用舍抉擇。因此，〈甯茵〉除具備文藝賞玩之創作自覺外，在掀去牛言、虎語之怪談外衣後，將可窺見作者少時奮身仕途之宏志。

In the Tang Dynasty, monsters’ stories were popular for a time. They were regarded as entertainment and flaunting works because of their “Xie-Yin” technique and undefined ideological meaning. However, in some novels which used allusions, these works may have another deep meaning owing to their allegory art. This paper tried to make a survey of “Ning Yin” in Chuan Qi that be written by Pei Xing, traced the source of allusions in this work, and analyzed them one by one. After that, it found out many allusions which state ancient things about being eager for establishing feats, enlightenment for people. By these discoveries, the author’s aspiration for helping the world will come out. On the other hand, this essay generalized the booklist, which the author may have read, including Meng Qiu, “Sanshi,” “Wujing,” and so on, considered that the booklist is closely related to the imperial examination. Furthermore, under the call of governing the country from classics and history, this work exactly reveals the author’s choice of being an official or not. Therefore, in addition to the creative consciousness with a funny style, when the weird coat of “Ning Yin” was taken off, we will espy the author’s ambition for chasing an official career when he was young.