聖人無迹──郭象迹冥觀之鏡像詮釋

Tracelessness of Sages—The Mirror Image Interpretation of Guo Xiang’s View of Ji Ming

本文對郭象的迹冥觀與無迹之說提出「鏡像說」之解釋，認為：1、聖人無心如鏡、順任萬物自為而使之適性逍遙，故其迹可說實是無迹。2、但是眾人的好尚追逐建構出聖人之名迹，作為效法追求的對象，猶如追逐鏡中虛像，因此離失本性。3、群生如能無所好尚，在忘境中各自自得，便可遺忘聖人而還返無迹之境。據此，仁義禮教亦無特別或普遍的地位，只是特定時代眾人自得其性的表現而已。這樣的詮釋固然與舊說不同，但應該更能有效解釋郭象文本。

The essay puts forward the explanation of “Mirror Image Theory” to Guo Xiang’s trace (迹) and, darkness (冥) perspective, and tracelessness (無迹) theory, Guo indicates as: first, the sages’ heart is like a mirror, to let everything in their place and obeys the nature, so the traces of sage could be regarded as traceless. Second, universally tend to get hold of these traces and fame to construct the sage’s name, which creates the creatures/ beings. The pursue of worshipping and imitating a sage as an object is overt and explicit, running counter to the innate and implicit inherent. Third, when universally tended not to worship the sage, they could return to the realm of tracelessness by contenting themselves being in the realm of forgetfulness. Therefore, the teachings of morality would not be superior or universal; instead, it is only the collective representation of certain epochs. This interpretation is different from the others, yet it can observe Guo’s texts closely.