獻給戰爭的軀體──《獵女犯》士兵析論

The Body Dedicated to War-Analysis of Soldiers in The Captured Woman Prisoner

陳千武於二戰期間以台灣特別兵身分參與太平洋戰爭，戰後創作的自傳性小說《獵女犯》中對軍隊生活、台灣特別兵的身分迷惘皆有深入的描寫。本文以歷來較少論及的士兵作為研究對象，在日本軍隊中階級劃分明確，日本兵遵循帝國主義將戰爭視為神聖使命，其戰爭狂熱及天皇崇拜，與台灣志願兵的局外人心理形成矛盾對比。士兵們失去作為個人存在的資格，化為奉獻給戰爭的群體，僅作為軍事工具被使用。但是困守於俘虜島的士兵們，雖是戰爭的參與者，卻始終游離於戰場外，無法消解的力量因而向內發展，軍隊中的暴力及同性情慾，反映出戰爭時期士兵們特殊的心理狀態。而台灣志願兵在戰爭中，對純潔與死亡的觀點與殖民地人民感到屈辱的心理有關。士兵們在未知的戰爭中共同面對的恐懼及苦悶，促使他們陷入各自構築的心靈幻境中，企圖尋求超越的力量，保有人的尊嚴與價值。

Chen Qian-wu participated in the Pacific War as a Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman during World War II. His autobiographical novel created after the war, The Captured Woman Prisoner, provides an in-depth portrayal of the military life and confusion about his identity as a Taiwanese Imperial Japan Serviceman. This paper takes the soldiers, who were little discussed in previous literature, as the research object. In the Japanese army, there were clear-cut class divisions. Adhering to the spirit of imperialism, Japanese soldiers regarded war as their sacred calling. Their fanaticism about war and worship of the Emperor contradicted strikingly with the outsider psychology of Taiwan volunteers. The soldiers were deprived of the right to exist as individuals. They were seen as a group of military tools dedicated to war. However, the soldiers stationed on Captive's Island, though also considered participating members of the war, remained detached from the battlefield. Their irreducible strength developed inward as a result. The violence and homosexuality in the army reflected the special psychological state of the soldiers during the war. On the other hand, Taiwanese volunteers' wartime views on purity and death had to do with the psychology of humiliation experienced among the colonized. The fear and distress facing the soldiers amidst the unknown of war impelled them to fall into their own spiritual illusions, where they attempted to seek the power of transcendence and preserve human dignity and value.