無地方性與地方感：論王嘯平海外孤兒形象──以其晚期長篇小說《南洋悲歌》、《客自南洋來》及《和平歲月》為例

Placelessness and Sense of Place: Overseas Orphan Image on Wang Xiao Ping's Novels Nanyang Elegy, Guests come from Nanyang, and The Years of Peace

王嘯平（1919-2003）作為作家、劇作家在華文世界疏為人知，及至2013年馬華學者黃錦樹在〈在或不在南方：反思「南洋左翼文學」一文中討論王嘯平的自傳小說，人們從而認知意識到王嘯平是中國作家茹志鵑的丈夫、王安憶的父親。本文以王嘯平季年創作小說《南洋悲歌》（1986）、《客自南洋來》（1990）與《和平歲月》（1999）為研究文本，並藉由人文地理學者瑞爾夫（Edward Relph）提出「無地方性」（Placelessness）為概念，分析出生新加坡的王嘯平如何在新加坡與中國之間相互纏繞及糾結。王嘯平小說中刻劃海外孤兒在「異邦」的打壓生活形象及援中抗日時期新馬華人對自我身分的定位；另一方面，北上中國後對現實與夢想中國的差異，浮現更深沉的身分認同與地方感。《和平歲月》王嘯平描繪1989首次回到新加坡的情景與在中國行軍的苦楚，最終在回憶與現實中，王嘯平突顯自己對藝術與革命的熱情，讓一開始「格格不入」的個性一步步地拼湊出完整的中國身分。

Wang Xiao Ping (1919-2003) as a writer and playwright, is not well-known in the Sino world, and until 2013, Malaysian Chinese's scholar Ng Kim Chew had discussed Wang's autobiographical novels, and people became aware Wang is the husband of China prominent female writer Ru Zhi Juan and also the father of Wang An Yi. This essay takes Wang's novels Nanyang Elegy (1986), Guests come from Nanyang (1990), and The Years of Peace (1999) as research texts and proposes it by human geographer Edward Relph's ''Placelessness'' concept, to analyze how Singapore-born Wang intertwined and entangled between Singapore and China. Moreover, Wang's novel depicts the suppressing life of overseas orphans in ''foreign countries'' and the positioning of the self-identity of Malaya-Chinese during the anti-Japanese period. On the other hand, the differences between reality and dream of China emerge deeper identity and sense of place after back to China. In The Years of Peace, Wang depicts his first return to Singapore in 1989 and the suffering of marching in China. Finally, in his memories and reality, Wang highlighted his enthusiasm for art and revolution, to complete his identity from ''misfit'' to a real Chinese identity.