嘉道時期國家權力與社會秩序的重整──以道光七年南匯京控案為主

Reorganizing state power and social order in the system of capital appeal: an examination of an appeal case filed by local elites from Nanhui county in Jiangsu province.

本文的研究重點，聚焦於清代行政體系的治理技術與結構問題。目前學界將 清乾隆末期至嘉道時期階段所面臨的統治危機與社會動亂，歸因於人口與經濟文 化的變動。但本文認為，由嘉慶朝所啟動的行政改革也是造成國家與社會變動的 主因之一。在這些改革中，特別是「京控條例」的施行改變了國家官僚與社會菁 英的互動模式。本文擬從道光七年江蘇南匯地區紛起的京控案件，討論京控條例 施行後如何影響國家與菁英的關係，並試圖由京控案件討論國家對於地方菁英控 制力的變化。

This paper examines the nature of state-society relations in Qing China during the regime of Jiaqing and Daoguang emperors through the study of capital appeal system. While previous research focus on economic crisis and rebellion in the mid-Qing, this paper attempts to provide anew respective from the study of legal cases in the capital appeals system. Focusing on an appeal case filed by local gentry from Nanhui county in Jiangsu province, this case reveals how local elites interacted with local officials and central government after revision of capital appeal regulation during Jiaqing emperor. By analyzing three different contexts from imperial edicts, local officials' memorials and the complaints filed by local gentry, this paper argues that capital appeal system had built aplatform to transform state-society relation fundamentally, and therefore became the origins of local rebellions in the mid-Qing period.