轉型循環經濟勞動力之國際經驗探討

Global Modes for the Sectoral Labor Forces Re-Deployments in Newly Circular Economy

傳統的線性經濟模式是一種「大量生產→大量消費→大量廢棄」的方式，此作法導致有限的地球資源不斷被消耗以外，同時，也衍生環境問題|有別於線性經濟，近年興起的循環經濟，旨在提高能資源使用效率，並減少資源開採。值此循環經濟發展趨勢，對全球企業長期以來的營運模式無疑帶來莫大的改變|國內企業如何因應這項轉變，將技術革新，且無縫接軌強化職工技能，國際間行政部門如何透過跨部門整合，從各面向保障並促進勞動者權益，皆為值得關注的議題。綠色就業為各國目前發展的重點推動工作，不論是綠色就業單獨立法、綠色經濟及環保法案帶動之立法趨勢，皆興起綠色就業風潮，因此，本文擬借鏡國外經驗，提供國內邁向循環經濟之綠色就業推動方向。本文分為四大部分，第一部分從國際間推動轉型循環經濟的勞動力發展與可能的變化，提供最新趨勢與預測|第二部分探討各國在轉型循環經濟之際，相關勞動法規的訂定|第三部分則是案例分析，由於荷蘭及比利時循環經濟行之有年，在全球的執行成效數一數二，因此，就其循環經濟勞動力的架構，進行深入瞭解。第四部份的結論與建議根據國際間做法，提供國內未來的政策建議。

The traditional linear economy is the process from production, consumption and the waste. It has led to constant consumption and environmental problems as well. Unlike linear economy, circular economy aims to improve the efficiency of energy resource use and reduce resource extraction. However, the emerging circular economic development trend has undoubtedly brought great changes to global enterprises. It is the critical issue that domestic companies carry out technological innovation and seamlessly strengthen staff skills. Furthermore, it is worth to focus on the interdepartmental integration between administrations and the labor rights from different perspective. The article has four parts. The first part provides the latest trends and forecast of the current international labor force toward circular economy. The second part discusses the establishment of relevant labor laws and regulations in the transition of the circular economy in developed countries. The third part is case studies. As the circular economy in the Netherlands and Belgium has been around for a long time and these has achieved the successful outcomes. Therefore, we explore the whole structure labor force in terms of the circular economy. The final conclusions and recommendations provide domestic future policy recommendations based on international practices.