受暴婦女就業初探

Research on Employment among Women experienced Intimate Violence

國內對於受暴婦女的研究多集中於受害者的求助歷程及相關處遇，較少從協助就業的觀點來討論脫離暴力的可行性，即使有也多為個案式的討論，代表性略顯不足。本研究運用勞動部勞動及職業安全衛生研究所勞保資料及衛生福利部提供之家暴通報檔及健保資料等進行分析，分析受暴婦女的就業情勢。本研究發現，穩定就業仍然是脫離暴力及增加自信心、獨立的關鍵因素，然受暴婦女的在職率低於無受暴婦女，且其中年輕、同居經驗、教育程度低、反覆受暴者等，都為影響女性就業的重要因子。故建議針對較困難進入勞動力市場的高風險的受暴婦女，應先改善其人力資本的問題，才能永續協助其改善現有的弱勢處境此外，研究中亦發現，受暴婦女通報時無工作者，其相對人的特性包括：相對人年齡越低、目前無工作、本國籍原住民、學歷越低、為同居關係、傷害型暴力行為者，這些特性的相對人之受暴婦女較容易處於無工作的狀態。反之，若相對人本身具有高在職率，對於受暴婦女的影響就會降低。故後續除了針對受暴者進行就業協助之外，相對人應也被當作案主，同時給予就業資源。

At present, domestic research on women who are victims of domestic violence mostly focuses on the victim's help-seeking process and related situations, and with less discussions on the feasibility of getting rid of violence from the perspective of assisting with employment. Even if there are many case-based discussions, they are not representative enough. This study uses the labor insurance information of the Institute and the domestic violence report files and health insurance information provided by the Ministry of Health and Welfare to analyze the employment situation of women victims of violence. The study found that stable employment is still a key factor in getting rid of violence and increasing self-confidence and independence. However, the employment rate of women who are victims of violence is lower than that of women who are not afflicted, and among them, young, with cohabitation experience, low education level, repeated violent, etc. are important factors influencing women's employment. This study suggests that high-risk women who find it more difficult to enter the labor market should first improve their human capital issues in order to help them improve their existing disadvantages. In addition, the study also found that women who suffered from violence reported not working, and their characteristics include: the lower relative age, the current lack of work, domestic aborigines, the lower level of education, the cohabitation relationship, the more suffering from injury-type violence.Those who suffer from violence with these characteristics are more likely to be in a state of no work. On the other hand, if the person itself has a high level of employment, the impact on the woman who suffers from violence will be reduced. This study suggests that to assist the women suffering from violence to stabilize employment also needs to change the approach| in addition to the employment assistance for those suffering from violence, they should be treated as the case owner, while receiving employment resources.