殖民醫學的先鋒︰從牡丹社事件到乙未戰役的軍陣醫學

Military Medicine from Japanese Invasion to Conquest of Taiwan (1874-1895)

本文以明治初期日本軍陣醫學發展為研究重點，探討當時軍陣醫學在兩次侵臺戰役之中所扮演的角色、作用，並分析其中軍陣醫學與殖民醫學的連結關係。為此，本文首先追溯1895年之前日本軍陣醫學發展和特點，及其在1874年牡丹社事件中的實作概況。其次，針對1895年乙未戰役，解析日軍部隊爆發的風土疫病問題，討論日軍部隊疫病的來源及其軍陣醫學如何因應處理。同時，以乙未戰役期間日本軍醫施行霍亂防治與熱病瘧疾防治為重點，分析其中軍陣醫學與殖民醫學之間的銜接及轉折關係。

This article focuses on the development of Japanese military medicine in the early Meiji era, exploring the role and effectiveness of military medicine in the two invasions of Taiwan, and analyzing the relationship between military medicine and colonial medicine. First, this article traces the development and characteristics of Japanese military medicine before 1895, and its initial implementation in the 1874 Japanese invasion of Taiwan. It then goes on to explore the problem of endemic diseases prevalent among Japanese troops during the battles leading up to the Japanese conquest of Taiwan in 1895, discussing the origin of the diseases and how the military medicine responded. Concurrently, this article focuses on the measures for prevention of cholera and malaria during the battles in 1895, and analyzes the connection and transition between military medicine and colonial medicine.