回到心理學去：文藝心理學發展反思

Return to Psychology: A Reflection on the Development of Psychology of Arts and Literature

本文回顧了文藝心理學的發展概況，發現了這門學科的發展速度在2000年以後有減慢的趨勢。歸納現存專書及論文的論述，不少學者認為這門學科主要出現了三種問題，當中包括：有關學科性質和定位的問題、有關研究對象的問題，及有關研究方法的問題。基於這三種疑問，學者們對於學界的發展漸漸持保留的態度。在回顧現存文獻的時候，筆者發現現存文藝心理學的論述較多側重文藝的一面，而鮮有重視心理學及社會科學的一面，以至文藝心理學的研究未能真正發揮心理學的所長。文藝心理學之所以出現這個現況，有兩個可能的原因：第一、歷史因素：學科剛剛開展之時，朱光潛將美學與文藝心理學等同起來；第二、現存因素：現有的文藝心理學教程全重側重文藝的闡述，社會科學及心理學的核心精神及研究方法之教學是缺少了的一環。因此，本文嘗試由心理學的、社會科學的視角去為文藝心理學作出新的定位，以期將學界現存的疑問一一掃清。

This article reviewed the development of psychology of arts and literature in Chinese academia and discovered that it had a flourish development in 1980s to 1990s. However, the trend is slowing down after 2000. There is an increasing number of researchers who show their worries to the development of the discipline for mainly three reasons. First of all, some of them think that the discipline nature of psychology of arts and literature is fuzzy; secondly, some think that the research subject of the discipline is unclear; thirdly, some think that there is not standard methodology for research. With such worries, researchers showed their hesitation towards the future development of the discipline. As a branch in social science, psychology has unique research methods with scientific spirit as the core value. Such essence of psychology is seldom seen in present researches and studies of psychology of arts and literature. Thus, we can say that the potentiality of the discipline is not fully utilized, and it can achieve much more if we could put the discipline onto the right track where it belongs. It is noticeable that present studies in the discipline are strong in the 'arts and literature' part, but weak in the ＂psychology＂ part. To rectify this situation, this article intends to reflect on the disciplinary nature, research methodology, and the purposes of study of psychology of arts and literature from a social science point of view.