基礎建設類型、經濟整合與外人直接投資

Type of Infrastructure, Economic Integration, and Foreign Direct Investment

本文探討經濟整合對會員國基礎建設技術類型、外人直接投資與社會福利的影響。我們證明引進會員國市場規模不對稱，會促使小國選擇偏離大國的技術類型。當兩國的技術類型為循序決定時，選擇Hotelling線段中點為大國的優勢策略。其次，當貿易成本夠大、調整成本係數小且大國的市場較大時，經濟整合會使小國的最適技術類型遠離大國的類型，減少小國的外人直接投資；反之，當貿易成本夠小且調整成本係數大時，則會得到相反結論。再者，當大國的市場規模較大、貿易成本夠小且調整成本係數大時，經濟整合會提高小國（降低大國）的社會福利水準。

We analyze the impacts of economic integration on the optimal technology types of infrastructure, FDI, and welfare of two member countries. We show that introducing a larger relative market size of the large country will induce the smaller country to select an optimal technology type of infrastructure apart from that of the large country. Locating at the center of the Hotelling line is the dominant strategy of the large country, when the technology types of infrastructure are sequentially determined. Next, economic integration will cause the small country to take its optimal technology type of infrastructure farther apart and decrease its FDI when the trade cost and the relative market size are large and the adjustment cost is small, while the reverse occurs otherwise. Moreover, economic integration can improve (worsen) the welfare of the small (large) country, when the adjustment cost and relative market size are large and the trade cost is small.