殖民現代性主體的生成與破滅：再論〈植有木瓜樹的小鎮〉

知識分子問題一向為龍瑛宗所關心的命題，過往研究亦多注意到其筆下知識分子已經不同於過往，為新的主體狀態。本文通過西方與日本的精神史脈絡，重新詮釋龍瑛宗創作〈植有木瓜樹的小鎮〉前後的精神狀態，探討龍瑛宗所塑造的新主體的意涵。本文研究指出龍瑛宗塑造了從殖民地資本主義產生新的現代性個人主體，這個新的現代性個人主體具有「經濟個人主義」特質，深信個人是自身與能力的所有者，憑藉個人努力就可以獲得利益且向上發展。不過，在殖民地環境下，這個新的現代性個人主體甫出場就帶著破滅的印記。本研究更進一步指出龍瑛宗深刻揭示了日本在臺推動的資本主義的性格，以及被殖民的臺灣人僅能分得殘渣利益的幻影。

The issue of intellectuals has always been the topic that Long Ying-Zong is concerned about. Past studies have also noted that the intellectuals he writes are different from the past and are the new subject state. Through the spiritual history of the west and Japan, this paper re-interprets the mental state before and after Long Ying-Zong's creation “A Town with Papaya Trees”, and discusses the implication of the new subject shaped by Long Ying-Zong. This paper points out that Long Ying-Zong has shaped a new modern individual subject generated from colonial capitalism. This new modern individual subject has the characteristics of “economic individualism” and believes that individuals are the owners of themselves and their abilities and can gain benefits and develop upward with their own efforts. However, in the colonial environment, this new modern individual subject appeared with a broken mark. This study further points out that Long reveals deeply the character of Japanese-driven capitalism in Taiwan and the illusion that the colonized Taiwanese can only get a residual benefit.