Study of Osteoporotic Fractures（SOF Index）衰弱量表的效度驗證——一般社區長者以及獨居長者的應用

Validity of the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Index (SOF Index): cases of community-dwelling older adults and older adults living alone

目標：台灣長照照顧管理評估量表以Study of Osteoporotic Fractures（SOF Index）指標作為衰弱篩檢工具。本研究目的是以國際常用Frieds Frailty Phenotype作為標準，檢視SOF與Frieds Frailty Phenotype量表一致性。方法：本研究為橫斷研究採立意取樣面訪問卷收案，收案對象為台北市某行政區65歲以上社區長者（N = 471，包含一般社區長者369位、列冊關懷獨居長者102位）。資料分析探討Frieds Frailty Phenotype量表與SOF量表在全部長者、社區長者、及獨居長者的同時效度為何。結果：以Frieds Frailty Phenotype量表為標準量表時，全部長者結果顯示與SOF量表呈現中度相關（r = 0.51*）。在一般社區長者以及列冊關懷獨居長者中，亦與SOF量表呈現中度相關（r = 0.53* ; r = 0.44*）。SOF加入Frieds Frailty Phenotype緩慢指標後，與Frieds Frailty Phenotype的一致性在全部長者、一般社區長者以及列冊關懷獨居長者分別提升到0.70*、0.72*、0.56*。結論：兩量表評估結果與世界先進國家研究結果相似，SOF量表雖有低估傾向，但是可以作為評估台灣社區長者及獨居長者衰弱的工具。使用SOF量表加入「緩慢」指標可以進一步提升SOF量表的準確性。

Objectives: To measure the degree of frailty in older adults, it is common to use Frieds frailty phenotype index in Taiwan and advanced countries, whereas the Taiwanese government uses the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) index. This study aimed to compare the consistency between SOF index and Frieds frailty phenotype index to assess frailty in general community-dwelling older adults and those living alone in one district in Taipei City, Taiwan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey study. Purposive sampling was employed to collect data from 471 older adults living in Taipei City, including 369 community-dwelling older adults living with families and 102 living alone. Spearmans rank correlation analysis was employed to assess the concurrent validities of the two indices in all elderly by residential status , communitydwelling older adults, and those living alone. Results: There was a moderate association between Frieds frailty phenotype index and SOF index in all older adults (r = 0.51* ), community-dwelling older adults (r = 0.53* ), and those living alone (r = 0.44* ). When the indicator of slowness from the Frieds frailty phenotype index was included in the SOF index, the value between the two indices increased for all older adults (r = 0.70* ), community-dwelling adults (r = 0.72* ), and older adults living alone (r = 0.56* ). Conclusions: The SOF index can be a valid screening tool to evaluate frailty for older adults in Taiwan, consistent with results from advanced countries. Adding the indicator of slowness to SOF index is recommended as effective frailty screening tool.