鳳梨花芽分化前後之灌水與施肥效果

Effects of Irrigation and Fertilization at the Stage of Flower-bud Differentiation of Pineapples

為探討鳳梨在花芽分化前後之施肥及灌水，對於鳳梨果實大小及產量之影響，以供栽培管理之參考，1962年4月至1963年8月在鳳山熱帶園藝試驗分所舉辦本試驗結果摘要如下：1.秋果在花芽分化前後之灌水，效果不顯著（試驗地在平坦旱田，土壤水分含量較高）在花芽分化前60天至分化後15天施肥者，效應顯著，可增加小果數3-12%，增加果重12-22%。2.春果花芽分化前後，為雨季末期，土壤含水量足供鳳梨之需要，灌水無效。花芽分化前15-45天之施肥增加小果數約2-10%，花芽分化後之施肥小果數無增，但在花芽分化前後45天內之施肥，均可提高果重達6-12%。3.夏果在花芽分化前或分化中之施肥及灌水，均可增加小果數達11-41%，而以施肥後並行灌水者其效果最大，尤在花芽分化前30-45天之施肥，肥效最佳。施肥及灌水日期愈遲，效果愈低。

The studies reported in this paper were made to ditermine the effects of irrigation and fertilization at the stage of flower-bud differentiation of pineapples at Fang Shan Tropical·Horticulture Experimental Station from April 1962 through August 1963. Results of this experiment are summarized as follows: 1).For autumn fruits, irrigation just before or after ihe flower-bud differentiation,no significant difference have been .made; while in fert-ilization, 2).percent fniitlet and 12-23 per cent of fruit'weight were increased when fertilized at the. interval 60-day before to 15-day. after the flower-bud differentiation. 2).For spring friits, ·due to the abundant. of soil miosture cqntent, no effect of irrigation ha:ve .been made. The time of flower-bud differentiation is just in the end of the monsoon season at Fang Shan area. In fertilization treatment, 2-10 per cent of fruitlet was increased·when fertilized 15-45-day before the flower bud-differentiationn, but no effect have been made afterward. Fertilization during 45-day before-or after the flower-bud-differentiation, 6-12 per eent of fruit weight wa.s increased. 3).For summer fruits, fertilization and irrigation before or just in the flower-bud differentiation, 11-14 per cent of fruitlet was increased. The effect of fertilization is higher than that of irrigation, especially when fertilized at 30-45 days before the flower-bud differentiation. The·later the fertilization and irrigation the lesser the effeccts were observed.