植物生長調節劑對觀賞鳳梨催花效果之探討

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Flowering of Bromeliads

以不同的植物生長調節劑處理組織培養所得的蜻蜓鳳梨（Aechmea Fasciata Baker），火焰鳳梨（Billbergia pyramidalis cv. concolor），小擎天鳳梨（Guzmania lingulata cv. minor），大團圓鳳梨（Neoregelia carolinae cv. Flandria）及小鸚歌鳳梨（Vriesea psittacina）種苗，結果顯示以0.5%之益收樂（EthreI）或0.5%電石水（Calcium carbide solution）催花效果較生長素類NAA、2,4-D及IBA為佳，唯不同的觀賞鳳梨品種所得的催花效果具差異性。植物生長調節劑NAA、IBA僅對大團圓鳳梨有催花效果，而2,4-D處理者多數發生藥害而致死。組織培養苗出瓶半年生苗對藥劑催花無效，對出瓶種植一年半之蜻蜓鳳梨植株，經以NAA、IBA 50ppm或以0.5%之BOH（β-hydroxyethyl hydrazine），電石水、益收樂處理，不僅可提早抽穗且開花率較高，藥劑處理時間則以清晨的處理效果較佳。

The effects of plant growth regulators on five species of bromeliads (Aechmea fasciata Baker, Billbergia pyramidalis cv. Concolor, Guzmania lingulata cv. Minor, Neoregelia carolinae cv. Flandria and Vriesea psittacina on flowering were studied. The results indicated that 0.5% of each calcium carbide solution and Ethrel were better than auxins on flowering percentage in Bromeliads. The results also showed flowering percentage strongly affected by plant species. Auxin such as NAA and IBA only can induce flowering of Neoregrlia carolinae cv. Flacdria but most other species tested in experiments were died of chemical injury while treated with 2,4-D. Flowering can not be happened if plants were transferred after half year from flasks. Treatments in the morning (7:00-7:30 AM) is better than in the dusk (4:00-4:30 PM) on flowering of Bromeliads in southern part of Taiwan.