蝴蝶蘭授粉適期與果莢成熟度對種子發芽之影響

Effect of Pollination Time and Capsule Maturity on Seed Germination in Phalaenopsis White Hybrid

白花蝴蝶蘭母株於人工氣候空白／夜溫30/25°C和25/20°C下開花，於開花後不同時間授粉，而後均在30/25°C下令其果莢發育。花朵於30/25°C開放，在24天內授粉著果率可達100%，花開30天才授粉者酌果率降到44%。蘭株在25/20°C開花者，給論在開花後5～60天授粉，再移到30/25°C發育，均可達100%之著果率。果莢發育是S型生長曲線，授粉後100天種子已具發芽能力，110天採收播種後10天即發芽良好，延至果莢黃熟才播種者，不損及種子發芽能力及原球體之發育。可發芽的種子，種皮透明，僅細胞相連之細胞壁加厚，細胞內容物消失，膜狀物破碎，胚充滿於種皮內，切片，觀察胚細胞已分化成兩區，頂端細胞較下端細胞小。

The effect of growing temperature and pollination time after flowering on fruit setting and seed germination in Phalaenopsis white hybrid were studied. Fruit setting reached to 100% when plants grown at 30/25°C were pollinated within 24 days after flowering, while it decreased to 44.496 if pollination occurred 30 days after flowering. Full friut setting could be obtained if plants grown at 25/20°C were pollinated between 5 to 60 days after flowering, then transferred to 30/25°C for capsule development The development of normal capsule exhibited as a simple Scurve growth pattern. Seeds were able to germinate as early as 100 days after pollination. However, germination index was very low. Seeds were harvested from 110 days after pollination in green capsule stage to the yellowish capsule had high germination index. Seeds of Phalaenopsis white hybrid at time of harvest had transparent seed coat, thickened cell wall and absent organelles in cytoplasm. The embryo proper contained suspensors with two distinct cell regions, the anterior cells were smaller than the posterior cells.