草莓苗之短日、遮光與斷根處理對植株生育、開花期與產量之影響

Effect of Short Day, Shading and Root Pruning of plantlet on Plant Size, Flowring and Yield of Strawberry

本試驗為探討草莓春香品種於假植育苗期進行短日、遮光及斷根等處理，對草莓植株生育、開花始期及產量等之影響，自民國73年7月至76年4月於新竹市及苗栗縣大湖鄉進行試驗，綜合三年試驗結果顯示，株高、株寬、葉數及中間小葉葉面積等植株生育以及果實糖度，處理間差異均不顯著，三個年度間處理苗開花始期分別比對照區提早22～24天、14～21天及16～19天，果實採收始期亦分別提早21天、14天以及13天，11～2月之早期產量較對照區顯著提高44.5～58.5%，全期總產量則處理間差異不顯著，植株生育與果實糖度、產量之相關性分析，除葉數與早期產量、葉數與總產量兩項相關係數較高外，其餘性狀間之相關係數均低，各種植株生育及果實糖度、產量等性狀，三個年度間之變異，除中間小葉葉面積不顯著外，其他各種性狀年度間差異均極顯著。根據本試驗結果，七種處理苗均有提早開花期及採收期之效果，且顯著提高早期產量，但在實際應用上以遮光、斷根、遮光配合斷根等三種方法，操作簡便，較適合農友應用，宜亟推廣以提高單位面積收益。

Experiments were conducted at Hsinchu and Tafu to study the effect of short day, shading and root pruning of plantlets on plant growth, flowering and yield in strawberry cv. Harunoka from July 1984 to April 1987. The results showed that plantlets treated with short day. shading and root pruning had no effecton plant height, width, leaf number, area of middle leaflet and sugar content of fruit. The treated plantlets could flowering 22~24 days, 14~21 days and 16~19 days earlier than control after planting in grown field in three years' test respectively, date were also 21 days, 14 days and 13 days earlier than control. Yield of early stage fruit were 44.5~58.5% higher than check plot. However there were no difference among treatments of total yield in the whole harvesting seasons. Except leaf number and early stage yield, leaf number and total yield, the value of correlation coefficient between other characters were small. This explain that leaf numbers are important factor in determining fruit yield, plant size, sugar content of fruit, early stage yield and total yield were significant varied in different years with excepting midde leaflet area. According to those results, shading, root pruning or shading combined with root pruning treatments could be used as methods to increase early stage berry yields, It is easy for farmer to practice and could be recommended to the strawberry growers.