甜椒的遺傳與育種行為之研究（一）數量性狀之遺傳力及其相關關係

Studies on Genetic Behavior and Breeding of Sweet Pepper (1) Heritability and Correlation of Quantitative Characters

為瞭解甜椒之遺傳及育種行為，以12個甜椒栽培品種，研究32個數量性狀的變異性、遺傳力及其相關關係；發現甜椒之株高、分枝數、果長、果柄長、果肉厚、萼片大小、始花期、成熟期、總花數及總果重（產量）在品種間差異顯著。株高、始花期、成熟期、總花數、果長及果柄長的遺傳力皆甚高。產量與營養生長性狀、果數、總花數、果長及果柄長呈正相關，但與始花期、成熟期則呈負相關，且果重與果肉及萼版大小彼此間亦呈極顯著正相關。更研究各數量性狀彼此間之綜合關係，結果發現產量與總花數、果長及第二分枝平均長呈正方向之關係，但與始花期、成熟期卻呈負方向之關係。

Twelve sweet pepper cultivars were used to study the genetic variability, heritability and correlation of 32 quantitative characters Cultivars differed significantly for their plant height, number of branch, fruit length, stalk length, flesh thickness, calyx size, days to first flower and days to first fruit maturity, total number of flower and yield. High heritabilities were obtained for plant height, days to first flower and days to first fruit maturity, total number of flower, fruit length and stalk length. Yield was positively correlated with vegetative characters, fruit number, total number of flower, fruit length and Stalk length. Negative correlation was found between yield and days to first flower and days to first fruit maturity. Further study on principal components and varimax analysis showed that total number of flower, fruit length and the mean length of secondary branch contributed positively to yield, but days to first flower and days to first fruit maturity contributed negatively.