臺灣椪柑品質之調查（二）北部產區椪柑品質與結果枝長短之關係

Investigation on the Quality of Ponkan Fruits in Taiwan (Ⅱ) Relationship between the Types of Fruiting Shoot and the Quality of Fruit in the Northern Part of Taiwan

從外銷之椪柑品質要求上，臺灣北部產之椪柑採收最適期應在11月下旬。此時果實無論大小或品質均達最顛峰期，惟仍受果園之條件所影響。如氣候、土壤及施肥、灌溉、病蟲害防治、除草、剪枝、疏果等。若管理工作完善者，所獲椪柑果實之品質亦可較佳。就三處採樣區中，關西柑桔實驗園內所產之椪柑品質最差，糖度低酸度高，且至十二月下旬，其糖酸比仍極低，實不能合乎外銷椪柑品質之要求，而苗栗之公館及卓蘭二採樣區所得之椪柑品質較佳，在十一月下旬採收者，除公館之短果枝者外，其糖酸比均已達20:1的標準。由鄧肯氏多種變域顯著性之測定結果，顯示不同結果枝、採收期及產區間椪柑果實之大小、果皮橙色深淺、果心寬度、果肉骨果汁佔全果重之百分比以及糖酸比等均有極顯著之差異存在。此可說明目前北部地區所產生之椪柑品質頗不整齊。長、中、短三種不同結果枝所採之果實品質及大小呈顯著之差異，此項結果對外銷椪柑採收方法甚有幫助。採收時以中果枝、長果枝、短果枝之順序採收為宜。

The quality of ponkan fruits in the northern part of Taiwan was investigated. Three ponkan production areas, namely. Cho-lan and Kung-kuan areas of Miauli district and Kuan-hsi area of Hein-chu district were chosen, In order to meet the export fruit quality standard, the ponkan fruits in northern part of Taiwan should be harvested in late November. Since at this time, the fruit has not only developed into its full-size, but also possessed good commercial quality. However, the fruit quality of the same variety is still variable such as influenced by the different orchard managements of soil management, fertilizer practice, insect and pest control, irrigation and pruning etc. The fruit with a lower quality and poor sugar acid ratio was found in the sample picked from Kuan-hsi area as compared with the other two samples from Cho-lan and Kung-kuan areas. According to Duncan's multiple variance test, it shows that the quality and size of fruits significantly varied with different types of fruiting shoot, different picking areas and different harvesting time: In obtaining the best quality of ponkan fruits for export regulating the fruit picking time by following the medium, long and short shoots in order is recommended as shown in the results of this investigation.