簡易溫室覆蓋方式對愛文芒果產量、果實品質及葉片礦物元素含量之影響

Effect of Plastic Shelter on Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Mineral Concentration of Irwin Mango (Mangifera indica L)

於嘉義農業試驗分所選擇三年生愛文芒果園，該園分成栽培密度4X4公尺及4X2公尺兩區，面積各為0.2公頃。民國八十一年三月於4X4公尺區進行簡易溫室不同覆蓋方式及病蟲害防治處理複因子試驗，覆蓋方式為PE布全覆蓋及PE布頂部覆蓋加周圍覆蓋不織布，於4X2公尺區僅進行簡易溫室不同覆蓋方式處理單因子試驗，覆蓋方式為PE布全覆蓋及PE布半覆蓋。覆蓋期間為民國八十一年三月一日至八月十六日。試驗結果顯示4X4公尺區之覆蓋處理有噴藥者其產量顯著較高，而不噴藥者亦可維持與不覆蓋但有正常噴藥處理一樣的產量，但果實品質卻相反；不論果實或種子大小，糖度與皮色均不如不覆蓋組，而以PE布全覆蓋處理最差，酸度項目則三種處理間無顯著差異。至於葉片無機營養元素含量則無明顯差異。於4X2公尺區產量方面，覆蓋處理組不論全覆蓋或半覆蓋均較不覆蓋組為高，但果實品質卻相反，以不覆蓋組最佳，而PE布全覆蓋組最差。

The environmental effects of a simple plastic shelter on yield, quality and mineral concentrations were investigated in an orchard at Chai-Yi Agricultural Experiment Station. Three-year-old mango trees were divided into two planting distances: 4X4 and 4X2 meters. Experiments of pest control and different levels of covering on mango were conducted in a plastic house (4X4 m), 1992. The overhead covering systems of the shelter include: 1) full PE sheet coverage; 2) PE cover above the trees and four sides with non-woven fabric. Experiments with full and partial PE coverage were conducted only in the 4X2 m treatment. Despite the different methods of pest control, the yields in the two systems were significantly higher than those of open field. However, the qualities of fruit as indicated by the average fruit weight, seed size, total soluble solids and skin color were lower in the covered treatment. Decrease in fruit quality was most significant in full-PE-cover trees, while the acid contents were highest in non-woven fabric treated samples. No significant difference was found in leaf mineral element among treatments. The result of experiment 4X2 m was similar to that of 4X4 m treatment.