預措及低溫貯運對唐菖蒲切花品質之影響

Effect of Pretreatment and Low Temperature Storage on the Quality of Cut Gladiolus Flowers

唐菖蒲切花「Vedi Napoli」和「Sancerre」品種採收後以0.5mM硫代硫酸銀（Silver thiosulphate, STS）與20%蔗糖溶液預措4小時，置於5°C模擬海運外銷日本7天或10天後，探討其出庫狀況及瓶插品質。二品種切花貯藏7天後，若未經預措，瓶插品質大幅降低，開花數由鮮採對照組之每花序7〜8朵減至1〜2朵，花徑明顯減小。貯藏10天者則幾乎無法使花苞綻開，葉片及苞片亦有嚴重枯黃現象。以20%蔗糖溶液預措4小時可改善上述劣變，包括使花朵順利開放，花徑增大，花穗維持挺立，出庫外觀鮮度提高等。以STS預措若不經貯藏，其瓶插表現與對照組相似，但在瓶插後期花序易生折曲現象：貯藏7天後，STS之效果漸顯，比對照組具較佳之吸水力，開花狀況亦有所改善，對「Sancerre」葉片之黃化明顯延遲，但出庫時嚴重軟垂，瓶插後期仍有折曲現象。貯藏10天者出庫外觀更差，開花狀況「Vedi Napoli」維持在每花序3〜4朵，「Sancerre」則每花序在6〜7朵間。

The quality of gladious cut flowers 'Vedi Napoli' and 'Sancerre' was significantly improved by pulsing flower stems with silver thiosulphate (STS) and 20% sucrose solutions for 4 hours before 5°C cold storage for 7 or 10 days. However, the STS-pretreated flowers showed severe degree of bending inflorescene after simulated transportation at 5°C storage where as the numbers and diameters of florets compared with controlled one were significantly increased.