催芽與土壤保溫方法對薑荷花切花生產之影響

Frocing and Soil Temperature Maintenance Improved the Cut Flower Productivity of Curcuma alismatifolia

本研究以無催芽及經3o·c催芽30天之種球為材料，分別在露天與簡易溫室下，比較催芽處理及四種不同的土壤保溫方法，對瘟荷花種球萌芽及切花產期與產量之影審。四種不同的土壤保溫方法分別為＇僅覆蓋稻草，覆蓋稻草後再蓋上透明塑膠布（稻草∕塑膠布）；覆蓋稻草後再搭蓋塑膠布隧道棚（稻草∕隧道棚），覆蓋稻草後蓋上透明塑膠布，再搭蓋隧道棚（稻草／塑膠布／隧道棚）。試驗結果顯示·露天栽培下，催芽處理可顯著促進種球的萌芽速度，進而提早開花，故可顯著的提高五月至七月切花產量及切花總產量。四種不同保溫方法處理間，從種植到達種球有10%、50%、75%萌芽出土率所需天數亦有顯著差異，以稻草／塑膠布l隧道棚之處理萌芽最快；但切花產量在不同保溫方法處理間則無顯著差異。在簡易溫室內栽培者，催芽處理與不同保溫方法處理間之萌芽速度、切花產量之變化趨勢·均與露天栽培者相似。唯在筋易溫室內栽培者，不但五月至七月的早花產量比露天栽培者高，八月至十月切花產量亦比露天栽培者高，故單株切花總產量約為露天栽培者的1.8-2.2倍。因此在簡易溫室內栽培時，種球於種植前先經催芽處理，種植後，畦面覆蓋稻草和塑膠布，或畦面覆蓋稻草和塑膠布再外加隧道棚，可有效提早產期並提高切花產量。

Dormant rhizomes and forcing rhizomes, treated at 30C for 30 days before planting, were used to investigate the effects of warm temperature treatment and mulching for keeping soil temperature on the sprouting of rhizomes and productivity of flowers of Cucuma alismatifolia. Experiments were conducted outdoors or in pipe-house. In addition, the plot was covered with I to 3 kinds of material, included (!)mulch with straw only, (2)mulch with straw and covered with PE clothe (straw/PE), (3)mulch with straw under a PE tunnel (straw/tunnel), and (4)mulch with straw and covered with PE clothe under a PE tunnel (straw/PE/tunnel). In outdoors, the forcing rhizomes accelerated the sprouting rate and flowering significantly Therefore, the early yield (from May to July) and total yield of flowers increased with forcing rhizomes Days for 10%, 50% and 75% of rhizome sprouting wmulching, which cause different soil temperature. The rhizomes under straw/PEitunnel treatment sprouted the earliest among all treatments. However, here was no difference in yield of cut flower among 4 mulching methods. Under pipe-house culture, the tendency of the rhizome sprouting and the yield of cut flower were similar to those of outdoors. Moreover, monthly yield of cut flower from May to October was higher in pipe-house. It resulted in increasing of cut flower about 1.8 to 2.2 times than those of outdoor culture. Therefore, forcing rhizomes planted in pipe-house, and _mulched with straw/PE or straw/PE/tunnel advanced harvesting date and increased yield of cut flower ere significantly different among different methods of.