疊氮化鈉對夜來香品系誘變效應之初報

Preliminary Study on Mutagenic Effect of Sodium Azide on Polianthes tuberosa

夜來香（Polian/hestuberosa L.）•在花莖抽出長約15-20公分時採收，切取幼花序置於1.0及1.5mM疊氮化鈉溶液處理60、90及120分鐘。然後，取0.2-0.5公分長之幼花蕾為培植體，培養於ModifiedMS培養基，經5週後，則以1.0、1.5及2.0mM之疊氮化鈉處理90分鐘，其培植體存活率分別為48.2、46.8及8.6%。若以1.0及1.SmM疊氮化鈉處理120分鐘，則培植體全部褐化或白化。以1.0及l.SmM疊氮化鈉處理夜來香幼花序，其幼花蕾培養於ModifiedMS培養基添加0.1mg/I NAA及6.8mg/I BA,以誘導產生不定芽。再生植株移出種植於田間，Ml植株突變率在10%以下，誘變株在花色、花型、花蕾數上出現變異性狀。此種夜來香誘變育種或可做為疊氮化鈉應用在無性繁殖作物誘變育種之模式。

The flower spikes of tuberose (Polian/hes tuberosa L.), emerging to 15-20 cm long, were harvested, and then soaked in 1.0 and 1.5 mM sodil!m azide for 60、90 and 120 minutes. Young florets, 0.2-0.5 cm in length, were excised as explants and cultured on a modified MS medium for 5 weeks. The survial rate of floret explants treated with 1.0、1.5mM and 2.0mM sodium azide for 90 minutes were 48.2%、46.8% and 8.6% respectively. However, all floret explants treated with 1.0 and 1.5mM sodium for 120 minutes showed browning and/or etiolated. Flower spikes of tuberose were soaked in 1.0 and l .5mM sodium azide for 90 minutes. Young florets were then removed as explants and cultured on medium containing 0.1 mg/I NAA and 6.8 mg/I BA for inducing adventitious buds. In vitro regenerated plantlets were transferred to field soil. M 1 plants were found below 10% mutation rate. Mutant plants showed a great deal of variations in flower color, flower shape and floret number per flower spike. Tuberose mutation breeding by sodium ande presented in this study makes it possible to apply vegetative propagated crops for mutation breeding model.